Strengths Weaknesses Opportunities Threats - Solution on All

Question: Direct a SWOT examination of introduction abilities. Answer: SWOT investigation of introduction abilities Qualities Plan introduction structure: Before giving the introduction I lean toward setting up a system of the introduction alongside data and practice the conveyance of the equivalent inside time limits. Voice regulation: One of my significant qualities is my capacity to balance the voice during the introduction procedure. This evacuates the dreariness during the introduction (Coughter, 2012). Positive non-verbal communication: Engaging and positive non-verbal communication permits the moderator to make an association with the crowd. I can keep in touch with the crowd while conveying the discourse. Utilize visual slides: I for the most part utilize graphical portrayals, outlines and drawing in pictures inside the slides so as to delineate my introduction. This makes the slides appealing and holds the focal point of the crowd. Shortcomings Absence of certainty: The significant shortcoming is in the absence of certainty which prompts uneasiness and stage dread at the time o singular introductions. Absence of focus: The interruption inside the crowd prompts loss of fixation. This leads in loss of introduction track and I will in general overlook some significant key focuses inside the introduction. Challenges out in the open speaking: Although I have no issues with open talking anyway I will in general give quick addresses which prompts loss of introduction esteem inside the crowd (Foster, 2012). Openings Participating in proficient trainings: In the current situation it is conceivable to turn into a decent moderator with the assistance of expert preparing organizations. Dangers Rivalry: Presentations are a nonstop piece of the advanced global organizations consequently greater part of the experts are preparing to be acceptable moderators henceforth the opposition includes expanded inside the market situation. Circumstances of humiliation: Another danger is the individual shame which the individual needs to confront if the introduction isn't sufficient. Territories of progress The two significant territories of progress can be improving the certainty level and decrease of the stage dread and besides improving the discourse aptitudes during the introduction. The improvement of the discourse aptitudes is significant so the crowd can get a handle on the substance of the introduction. Additionally by expanding the certainty level I will have the option to turn into a savvy and proficient moderator. Methodologies to improve the shortcomings For the improvement reason for the discourse I will embrace the language instruction trainings. This will empower me to give my discourse more clear and I will have the option to convey the slides gradually and genuinely (Bertelsen, 2012). Also I will embrace certain self appraisal and self support procedures so as to build my certainty level. References Bertelsen, B. (2012). All that you have to think about SWOT investigation. [Newmarket, Ont.]: BrainMass Inc. Coughter, P. (2012). The craft of the pitch. New York: Palgrave Macmillan. Cultivate, J., and Foster, J. (2012). Composing aptitudes for advertising. London: Kogan Page.

Americans Motivation to Work Essay -- Labor Supply Economics

American's Motivation to Work Most of Americans get up every morning and go to work so as to acquire cash. In any case, what are the genuine inspirations for working and where do they originated from? How pay rates and different types of pay influence the amount of work provided to the market? This exposition will talk about how work impacts the economy. Every individual working assumes a job in the public eye and creation yield. These are zones that should be tended to when the flexibly of work is being talked about. The inspiration to work emerges from an assortment of social, mental and financial powers. Individuals need salary to take care of their tabs, feel that they have a job in the public arena and furthermore feel a feeling of acheivement. Despite the fact that there is consistently a decision, that isn't working and not getting paid. Individuals pick among work and relaxation as per the percieved awards of each. The peripheral utility of work mirrors the satisifaction to be picked up from included salary, just as any immediate delight a vocation may give. A laborer contrasts these fulfillments and those of recreation and picks the one that yeilds the best utility for accessible time and compensation rates. As it might appear obvisous to a few, the more a laborer gets paid, the greater consolation that specialist needs to work more hours and produce more yield. In this manner, higher wages may expand the peripheral utility of an hour's work, this being a substitiute for work. Be that as it may, it can likewise have the contrary impact. This being if a wor...

What are the Best Mechanical Engineering Colleges TKG

What are the Best Mechanical Engineering Colleges Mechanical engineers must be excellent presenters and impeccable communicators, in addition to being an effective manager, a team player, and skilled at managing multiple projects at once. A high number of mechanical engineers end up with careers working for companies that manufacture machinery, such as automotive parts and underwater structures, either doing research and development, engineering services, or manufacturing. If you’re unsure if mechanical engineering is right for you, click here. We’ve compiled a list of the best mechanical engineering colleges in the US.Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyThe MIT Department of Mechanical Engineering is a world-renowned program that equips students with the skills necessary to break into this specialized and compelling field of engineering. There are three mechanical engineering degree options: Course 2, which is the traditional program that equips students for a number of careers in mechanical engineering; Course 2-A, which allo ws students to combine their focus on mechanical engineering with another, complementary, focus like robotics or energy; and then the 2-OE program, which takes the Course 2 curriculum and builds in an ocean engineering focus.Georgia Institute of TechnologyThe curriculum for the BS in Mechanical Engineering at Georgia Tech consists of core classes that address fundamental engineering concepts with a set of classes that focus on design and professional practice, and 15 credits worth of free electives for students to take advantage of the broader curriculum options. Given the opportunity of comparatively more elective hours than the typical mechanical engineering program, students are encouraged to pursue one of the many minors and certificates offered, or to work towards a specialization within the Mechanical Engineering department.StanfordThe Mechanical Engineering program offers three different degrees with varied specializations in mechanical engineering for students to choose from . Students can pursue a BS in Mechanical Engineering, Product Design, or Biomechanical Engineering. The Product Design option makes this program stand out--the goal is to equip students with the skills they need to take a human-needs based problem, business objectives, and technology and create a compelling and effective engineering solution. All three degrees give students a strong, balanced foundation in communication, lab work, project-based design, and quantitative principles.  UC, BerkeleyStudents enrolled in the BS in Mechanical Engineering program at UC, Berkeley begin their freshman year by taking a series of basic but rigorous engineering, chemistry, math and physics courses. Students then focus their studies in with more advanced coursework in Thermodynamics, Fluid Mechanics, Experimentation and Measurement, Technical Electives, and more. With over 30 different research labs, students can contribute to groundbreaking research occurring in the field of mechanical engineerin g focusing on: biomechanical engineering health; controls dynamics of complex systems; energy science and technology; green and sustainable energies; and micro and nano engineering. In addition to the BS in Mechanical Engineering, UC Berkeley also offers joint programs with the Department of Nuclear Engineering and the Department of Materials Science and Engineering.  University of Michigan--Ann ArborStudents enrolled in the undergraduate BS in Mechanical Engineering program at University of Michigan are encouraged to pursue a diverse array of knowledge via courses outside of the Engineering Department. “Intellectual breadth” is of high value, and students are able to take classes in the Humanities (at least 3); courses that cover Professional Creative Development; Economics; and Liberal Arts courses. Students are additionally required to complete core courses in Design Manufacturing; Mechanics Materials; Dynamics Controls; Thermal Sciences; and Labs Technical Communicati on. Every student chooses a Technical Elective that they must complete 9 credits of (one class must be a 400 [Advanced] level or higher) in one of the above focuses.  University of Illinois-Urbana ChampaignThe University of Illinois Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering not only offers a traditional BS in Mechanical Engineering, but also offers a BS in Engineering Mechanics. The Engineering Mechanics curriculum focuses on studying how math, science, and engineering principles contribute to mechanical solutions, with an emphasis on the physical principles that serve as the backbone for modern engineering design. The Engineering Mechanics program is significantly smaller than the Mechanical Engineering program--as of the 2015-16 school year, 139 students were studying Engineering Mechanics vs. 899 studying Mechanical Engineering.    Purdue University-West LafayetteStudents who pursue Purdue’s MS in Mechanical Engineering degree graduate with an in-depth expertise in one of the most useful and broadly applicable fields in engineering. Purdue boasts a notable co-op program that provides students with the opportunity to gain 12-22 months of job experience in the field before graduation. Students can begin a co-op program as early as the start of their sophomore year, which is earlier than the majority of other co-op programs. One unique degree offered by Purdue is the joint BSME/MBA, where students can simultaneously pursue their BS in Mechanical Engineering and their Masters in Business Administration through the College of Engineering and the Krannert School of Management. This joint program takes 5 years to complete.  California Institute of TechnologyPursuing a BS at Caltech means being at the forefront of mechanical engineering advances. The curriculum was recently expanded to include new disciplines for students to study that incorporate newer technological developments that have shifted the basics of engineering and science. Newer disciplines t hat Caltech covers in their curriculum include: micro- and nano-mechanical systems, simulation and synthesis, integrated complex distributed systems, and biological engineering. Students who are interested in studying a slightly broader curriculum outside of just mechanical engineering can opt to pursue their BS in Engineering and Applied Science.  University of Texas-AustinThe Mechanical Engineering program at UT-Austin offers a substantial curriculum that will prepare any mechanical engineer for success in the field. UT-Austin has a unique option called Career Gateway Electives, which enables students to customize their classes to directly benefit their career goals and complete a notable project. Career Gateway Elective focuses include robotics, sustainable energy systems, manufacturing and design, and nuclear and radiation engineering, among others. The school also boasts an impressive makerspace called Longhorn Maker Studios where students have access to a plethora of technolog y, including 3D printers and scanners, plasma cutters, and laser cutters. Students use this makerspace to create physical prototypes for their classes as well as just to experiment.  Cornell UniversityOutside of the core curriculum of the BS in Mechanical Engineering, students choose from the following areas of concentration: mechanical systems, vehicle engineering, biomechanics, and materials processing and precision engineering. The Cornell Experiential Learning Laboratory through the Sibley School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering serves as an incredibly unique aspect of the program’s offerings--Cornell students are encouraged to set up and run their own project teams to create race vehicles and other engineered machines. Teams compete against others around the world and Cornell has an impressive track record of success in every kind of race, from rocket testing and minesweeping competitions to race car races.Have a question about a mechanical engineering program or just want to talk to us about engineering programs in general? Send us an email with your question or pick up the phone and give us a call.

Civil War Journal Essay - 1723 Words

1861, July 16 The battle of Bull Run ended today. Northerners, like myself, know it as Bull Run but the Confederates know it as Manassas. This battle is giving me bad thoughts about the outcome of this war. This was a Southern victory and the Confederate army looks high in spirit and high in confidence, compared to the hurt, tired, and disappointed North. The great leadership of the Confederate generals won this battle. Their plans and attacks were no match for the Union ones. I hope the North can do something to rebound from this great loss, maybe there will be a second battle. 1862, December 31 Today I attended a gathering at the Tremont Temple. It was in Boston so I had to travel a ways. At the Tremont Temple many black, including†¦show more content†¦Let us accept it, and forever wipe out the dark reproaches unsparingly hurled against us by our enemies. Let us win for ourselves the gratitude of our country, and the best blessings of our posterity through all time.quot; 1863, May 28 Today my two sons, Lewis and Charles, left at Boston for South Carolina for the Massachusetts all-Negro fifty-fourth Regiment. I have mixed feelings about this. I am proud as ever to see my own family, my sons, fight for what they believe in and take pride in this country. From a quot;protective fatherquot; point of view, I am worried that they will get hurt or even killed in battle, and if we will never reunite together. I am not going to think about that, only positive thought. The total war plan that the generals are using are not going to help their odds of living, but if thats how this country is going to come back together it should be used. 1863, June 24 Today General Lee made his second invasion of the North. He invaded and a battle took place in Gettysburg. Lee led his Confederate Army across the Potomac River and headed towards Pennsylvania. Noticing this, President Lincoln replaced his army commander, General Joseph Hooker, with General George Mead. As Lees troops went into Pennsylvania, Mead led the Union Army north from Washington. Lees cavalry commander, Jeb Stuart, who, instead of reporting Union movements to Lee, had started a raid deep in the Union rear, accidentally helped MeadesShow MoreRelated Civil War Journal Essay4274 Words   |  18 Pages Dear Journal,nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;August 2, 1863 nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;With Dixie in my heart, today is the day that South Carolina recruited me for this war. I must soon be ready to go to the regiment I was assigned to. 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Finally, the Interpretative Period which lasted from 1930’s and continues to today. Looking back at these time periods we can see what was considered â€Å"news† and what was â€Å"newsworthy†, the dominateRead MoreInternational And International Law And Policy1840 Words   |  8 PagesInternational law and policy. (Kirsti Samuels, 2007) Civil war has become the dominant type of war in death tolls and severity. It has caused humanitarian destruction on a vast scale, as well as serious disruption of regional and international peace and security. The author Samuels states that her purpose of this work was that she has written this to collate and analyse a broad range of international community practice with respect to civil conflicts and coup d’ etat, and to investigate how thisRead MoreWhat Caused The 1992-1996 Afghan Civil War : Will History Repeat Itself?3614 Words   |  15 Pages What caused the 1992-1996 Afghan Civil War: will history repeat itself? Khushal H. Safi GST 6302 February 4, 2015 â€Æ' I. Introduction Many arguments are made for why war occurs and how to achieve peace. While the analysis helps humanity understand why conflict occurs, it fails to prevent the march toward war. This paper explores Kenneth Waltz’s three levels, or â€Å"images’ of conflict. Waltz, the founder of neorealism, established the foundation for one of the two currently accepted internationalRead MoreImperialism, Imperial Policies and Global/ Regional Status Quo and Its Development Response After Terrorist Attacks of 9/113668 Words   |  15 Pagesrefers to maintaining the peace treaties and settlements that stabilized the region since the last general war. Thus status quo is about keeping things the way it is, its motive is to preserve and not necessarily gain, boast or heavily influence any new positions that may break the balance. To apply it in current times and specifically to the new and less known form of war- unconventional terrorist war post 9/11, it has shifted global status quo to a certain degree and definitely shifted regional statusRead MoreWhy Horses Were Used During The Civil War1388 Words   |  6 Pagesduring the Civil War. In Tucker’s diary there is a page where it appears he is taking inventory of the horses with him. I noticed that one of the tallies is crossed out, and this made me wonder what sort of ailments or battle wounds horses faced. Also, the sheer amount of horses that are accounted for must have been expensive to buy, and I wondered the cost of horses during this time period. Lastly, I couldn’t help but contemplate what role horses played in winning battles or the war altogether.Read MoreA Brief Note On The American Civil War1203 Words   |  5 Pagesan amusing apology to your husband, a well-known writer and Civil War afficionado, for your previous lack of appreciation for his passion. Although you say you’re not sure â€Å"when or where† it happened, would you talk a bit about your change of heart and wh at led to your new and profound interest in the American Civil War and eventually to the writing of March? In the early 1990s we came to live in a small Virginia village where Civil War history is all around us. There are bullet scars on the bricksRead MoreA Brief Note On The Existence Of Civil War2179 Words   |  9 Pages Causes Of Civil War Delina Tesfamichael PSCI 309-international Politics Lit Review Rough Draft Dr. Duk Kim 13 November 2016 Introduction The existence of civil war has been around for centuries all over the world. Many theories have been developed and tested in an attempt to explain the phenomenon of civil war. Rochester argues that as long as there have been nation-states, there have been conflicts within the intrastate that have led to fighting between rivalRead More The Daily Life of Civil War Soldiers Essay4293 Words   |  18 PagesThe Daily Life of Civil War Soldiers â€Å"War at its basic level has always been about soldiers. Nations rose and fell on the strength of their armies and the men who filled the ranks.† This is a very powerful quote, especially for the yet young country of the United States, for it gives credit where credit is truly due: to the men who carried out the orders from their superiors, gave their blood, sweat and tears, and in millions of cases their lives while fighting for ideals that they believed

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Are Colleges Gone Too Far For Accommodate Students With...

Have Colleges Gone Too Far to Accommodate Students with Disabilities? The former US President Bill Clinton said, â€Å"New information and communications technologies can improve the quality of life for people with disabilities, but only if such technologies are designed from the beginning, so that everyone can use them.† Discussing disabilities in general will take longer than one day. I am going to talk about physical disabilities .As the Longman dictionary defines physical disability is a limitation of a person s physical functioning, mobility, dexterity and stamina. The issue of disability is not just a matter that concerns disabled people. It has been the problem for ages in the American history and if it is not controlled it can cause big fight. When someone is disabled, it does not mean that he or she cannot be educated. According to the Washington Post, education is the breath of life, without it man cannot survive. Education is free in America, which means everyone ca n obtain an equal education. One would ask if colleges have gone too far to accommodate students with disabilities. Colleges have not gone far enough to support the disabled. They have poor doors accommodations for students with wheelchairs. They tolerate, them but they do not welcome people with disabilities. Many colleges and universities have old buildings, which do not have easy access to the doors of some classes. Because of this, some studentsShow MoreRelatedSchools Should Do More For Accommodate Disabled Students908 Words   |  4 PagesColleges Should Do More to Accommodate Disabled Students In recent years, the number of disabled students who are seeking a college education has gone on an uphill climb. Most colleges have agreed to make accommodations that fit the needs of these students. However, some of these students find that necessary accommodations which make learning accessible and possible for them are lacking. Disabled students can be willing and able to pursue a college education as much as those who are not disabledRead MoreSchool And Community Wellness Programs887 Words   |  4 PagesDisabilities are an umbrella term, covering impairments, activity limitations, and participation restrictions. People with disability find it very hard to do certain things on their own especially with their daily activities. People often associate person with disabilities to be singer or artists, which does not necessarily keep persons with disabilities in that category. Being disabled is something nobody can decided for themselves; therefore persons with disabilities also h ave the rights and areRead MoreAt Home with Homeschooling1306 Words   |  6 Pagesthe debate only burns hotter. According to the 2013 College and Career Readiness study performed by ACT, average ACT composite scores for the nation have declined since 2009. Furthermore, the study found that non Caucasian students of different ethnic backgrounds struggled to reach the benchmarks for the four major subjects of English, science, math, and reading. In fact, more than 50% of these students failed to reach the benchmark for college and career readiness (Career Readiness). While the federalRead MoreMulti Cultural Education And Educational Achievement2269 Words   |  10 Pagesneed to implement a series of strategies that would address the diverse range of under-represented groups within the curriculum. Not purely focusing on race and culture, this would also include women and those with disabilities who were more often than not, forgotten about in years gone by. For example, celebrating ‘Black History Month’ once a year is not enough. There needs to be a constant inclusion of diverse cultures and histories, as doing so will only help to combat stereotypes and prejudicialRead MoreLatino Student Fund : Supporting Education Essay2307 Words   |  10 PagesLatino Student Fund: Supporting Education in a Changing World As I exited the metro bus and stepped into the cold, wet, and way-too-early Saturday morning air, my mind pounded with the self-scolding, â€Å"Why am I awake. Why am I awake?†. The second I looked up at the grey-blue sky, however, all dread evaporated. Instead, the gorgeous sight ahead filled me with an incredulous awe. The Washington National Cathedral stood towering in cream-colored splendor, its richly detailed Gothic architectureRead MoreCurriculum Development10775 Words   |  44 Pages | Teaching is a complex activity, in fact it is one of the most complex occupations (Rowan 1994). There are many reasons for this. For example teachers have responsibility for diverse groups of students with varied and complex needs. Teachers are constantly making decisions: planning decisions, decisions during teaching, and decisions after teaching. An effective and informed teacher makes these decisions on the basis of a deep understanding ofRead MoreHigh School Student Essay20272 Words   |  82 PagesStudents Chapter 3 Learner Diversity: Differences in Today’s Students Chapter 4 Changes in American Society: Their Influences on Today’s Schools ISBN: 0-536-29980-3 Introduction to Teaching: Becoming a Professional, Second Edition, by Donald Kauchak and Paul Eggen Published by Prentice-Hall/Merrill. Copyright  © 2005 by Pearson Education, Inc. ISBN: 0-536-29980-3 Introduction to Teaching: Becoming a Professional, Second Edition, by Donald Kauchak and Paul Eggen Published by Prentice-Hall/MerrillRead MoreTeaching Reading Is Rocket Science13428 Words   |  54 PagesTeaching Reading Is Rocket Science What Expert Teachers of Reading Should Know and Be Able To Do The most fundamental responsibility of schools is teaching students to read. Teaching Reading Is Rocket Science What Expert Teachers of Reading Should Know and Be Able To Do June 1999 Author note: This paper was prepared for the American Federation of Teachers by Louisa C. Moats, project director, Washington D.C. site of the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD)Read MoreMadison Metropolitan School District18559 Words   |  75 Pagesprofessional development. Five Phases of Action Research Phase I - Problem Identification: * Why do you want to do it?   Is it an important and practical problem, something worth your time and effort, something that could be beneficial to you, your students and others? * Is the problem stated clearly and in the form of a question?   Is it broad enough to allow for a range of insights and findings?   Is it narrow enough to be manageable within your timeframe and your daily work? Phase II - PlanRead MoreSadie Hawkins Day and Valentine Grams18321 Words   |  74 Pagesimproving the school. â€Å"The Make-A-Wish Foundation helps children who are sick by helping them accomplish their wishes,† explains President Angela Wang. â€Å"The other half of the money will go towards fulfilling students’ wishes to improve our school. We are planning to have ballots for students to vote on school beautification projects, such as getting new benches for the freshman locker area.† The club sold various sized and colored teddy bears, a change from their previous years’ Valentine grams.

Sensory Characterization Consumer Profile -Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Sensory Characterization Consumer Profile? Answer: Introduction Entrepreneurship, in simple words, is the process that involves establishing a new business. The person who establishes this new business is known as an entrepreneur. The subject of Entrepreneurship is tremendously wide. To the deep end of logic, Entrepreneurship defines a style of thinking and it is predominantly an attitude which involves finding solutions to problems and thus generating value (Business News Daily, 2017). Entrepreneurship is absolutely vital for every national and international economy as it provides a platform for innovation and that provides base to growth. Which is why various governments are encouraging and expansively working to provide support and propagate businesses by offering grants, aids and subsidies. My new business idea involves the institution of a currency consultation firm. Given the economic scenario at the moment, we have noticed that there are enormous fluctuations in the currency market specifically in the Australian Dollar - US dollar pair. Over a span of last three years alone, the domestic currency has faced a low of 0.6861 and a high of 1.0608 (XE, 2017). No doubt, such sharp movements of the currency will not pose an impact directly on people, but there are numerous businesses including but not limited to exports and imports where such fluctuations tend to have a major influence (ABC News, 2015). The main target of the currency consulting firm is to provide assistance to clients for tracing, inspecting, governing, working at reducing the impact as well as taking due benefit of these fluctuations. Currency consultation This is the primary service offered by the firm where in the clients will be advised on a daily basis upon their trade orders. They will be given a daily update on the currency movements and how they can protect themselves against unwanted risk. The detailed analysis would be done on the basis of fundamentals and technical. Fundamental analysis refers to scrutinizing the economic data of countries and gaining an understanding of its influence over the currency. The data which is collected includes GDP growth rate, inflation rate, interest rate fluctuation, unemployment rate and meeting minutes of the Reserve bank of Australia. (Forex Factory, 2017). On the other hand technical analysis includes the study of historic fluctuations in the currency, applying formulae and mathematically predicting the upcoming trends. This can be accomplished by the use of Reuters and Bloomberg terminals. They are the most effective tools of financial analysis (Financial Times, 2017) Research reports This is a secondary service which requires the firm to send daily updates to clients via reports. This also helps in eliminating any kind of miscommunication when advises are given on the phone. Live Screen Most of the importers and exporters look at live rates from leading news channels and websites, however, they offer a lagged rate and banks do not accept this rate. This is why we will be providing our clients with a Reuter or Bloomberg linked live screen installed on their personal computers. This will help them negotiate with the bank. Business model Canvas Proposed by Alexander Osterwalder, Business model canvas is a strategic management tool designed specifically to help new startups formulate and organize their plans and get a clear picture of their venture. It provides convenience of business planning and organizing and assists in defining a complicated business in nine simple components (Forbes, 2012). Customer Segments Customer segments essentially involves the market of specific customers targeted by the firm or Target market. Phillip Kotler defines target market as a set of well-defined set of customers whose needs the organization plans to satisfy (Creighton University, 2002). Customer segments predominantly targeted by the company would include businesses importing to Australia. At large, Australian imports include gold, wheat, petroleum, iron ore and coal. Businesses that are exporting from Australia to other parts of the world products including but not limited to natural gas, agricultural products, minerals and wool will also for a part of primary target market. Geographically, the business will commence operations in the heart of the country, Sydney. This would be an advantage given the city is home for a sundry number of export and import businesses. However clienteles would be targeted throughout the country. Value proposition Value proposition refers to the ways in which any organization creates tangible on intangible value for its clients. The currency consulting firm aims to achieve three targets Increase awareness of the currency markets: Currency fluctuations majorly affect importers and exporters of our country. Yet little is done to gain knowledge due to the complexity of the subject. This firm predominantly aims to increase awareness amongst clients about currency markets, factors that influence currency movements and how can businesses remain protected from them. This awareness will eventually help them predict near future fluctuations in the currency and hence will be in a better position to mitigate any risks arising from them. Reduce risks faced by clients due to currency fluctuations: The barometer of trade in Australia is consistently rising and the forecast looking upwards for the same (Reuters, 2017). This is demonstrated by the facts and figures showing that Australia has exported AUD 31.05bn and has imported AUD 30.66bn worth of goods and services in July this year (Trading Economic, 2017). The currency fluctuations often lead to losses faced by our exporters and importers as they find it difficult to predict currency movements. Our firm aims to reduce these risks so the clients can be better equipped to hedge their trade transactions. Increase in profit margins: Like every other consultancy, the measurable goal of our firm would be to increase profit margins of our clients by guiding them in the most appropriate manner about how they can hedge their currency. This is the only tangible value proposition offered by the firm and hence is the most important. Once clients are aware about how the currency market functions and what the factors behind these daily fluctuations are, they can make better decisions and hence reduce the risks associated with them therefore leading to increased profits. Customer relationships Customer relationships are an important aspect of any business. They pave way for loyal customers and increase organizational efficiency. There are following ways in which the firm will ensure long term and healthy customer relations. Monthly review meetings: Regular review meetings with customers help them stay connected to the organization. These meetings ensure that customer feedbacks and improvisation plans are followed through and any grievances from the clients can be efficiently addressed. Regular telephonic feedbacks: Meetings can be conducted monthly but besides that telephonic conversations help in relationship building with clients. Wishing them on their birthdays/anniversaries etc. will also add a personalized touch and further assist in client retention. Daily advisory: As a part of the services offered by the company, daily advisory must be provided to clients about the currency markets, their overview, analysis and forecast. Daily reports: Everyday reports will be sent to clients. These reports will contain detailed analysis of currency markets along with charts and fundamental details. This is also done to avoid any miscommunication on the phone. Customer relationship management team: There will be a dedicated team who will work on enhancing customer relations with all the clients. They will ensure that they can be reached all the time and any issues faced by the client will be addressed by them. They will also make sure that clients are wished on special occasions like their birthdays, anniversaries, New Year and Christmas etc. Channels Channels are mediums that connect the organization to its clients. We will be reaching out to clients by the following means: Events: A lot of events are conducted regularly by various export and import associations like Export council of Australia, Australian exporters association, Food and beverage importers association of Australia. These events are attended by all renowned exporters and importers of the country and hence will provide us with a perfect platform to market our services. Referrals: Referrals are an efficient way of getting more clients on board. They are basically friends, associates or acquaintances of our clients. If the client is happy with our services, they may refer other exporters and importers to associate with us (Berman, 2016). Certain referral bonuses can also be offered as this way existing clients will also work at introducing new prospects to the organization. Cold calling: There will be a dedicated presales team whose job would be to cold call all the exporters and importers in the country, tell them about our organization and fix meetings with them. They is the more traditional channel of reaching out to clients. Marketing and PR activities: Television ads and sponsoring events of import-export associations will help to spread awareness about our services. There will be a marketing and PR team who will ensure that the firm is well branded. One on one meetings: Once the presales team does cold calling, one on one meetings will be conducted with clients across the country with an aim to market our services, get them on board and also enhance our knowledge about the industry news. Key activities CRM: customer relationship management is an important aspect of maintaining healthy and fruitful relationships with customers once they are on board. Their aim is an increased level of customer retention. And bridging the gap between client and organizations (Mithas, 2013). Research: Research team is the basis on which a currency consulting firm can function. Our product is our detailed knowledge on the currency markets and this can be accomplished on with the help of a very eminent and competent research team. The research team will formulate the companys outlook on the currency and hence they are the backbone of the organization. Market analysis: Market analysis would be done by each and every person in the organization. Everyday a meeting would be conducted where members from all the teams would come together and discuss their viewpoints on the currency market. Based on a combined analysis, the organization will form one view, which will then be communicated to the clients. Selling: Like every other organization, services needs to be sold and that requires a dedicated sales team who will reach out to potential clients and help to bring them on board. They are driven by revenue generation targets. Marketing and PR: Marketing and PR are activities revolving around spreading awareness about the organization and its services to a wider audience (Nath, 2014). This assists in building a brand name for the firm and ensures that the goodwill of the organization sustains. Customer profiling: This is a fairly new concept and helps organizations segment their market and define their target customers. This includes creating a portrait of customers, understanding their needs and goals and eventually serving them based on these outlines (Varela, 2014). Pre-sale service: Often organizations make the mistake of reaching out to prospective clients without enough knowledge about them. Pre-sales activities involve gathering information about the clients, making a customized presentation for them and assisting sales team with any other information that they might require (Agnihotri, 2017). After sale service: Once the client comes on board, it is imperative that services promised are efficiently delivered. Over promising leads to dissatisfied clients and higher client attrition. Key resources Human resource: Like every other organization, humans are key resources of the firm. This includes every member of the organization. Every business must make sure their employees are satisfied, motivated and fairly compensated (Kramar, 2014). Bloomberg or Reuters terminal: As discussed above, the firm requires a Bloomberg or a Reuters terminal in order to get the exact exchange rate which is accepted by the banks. This terminal is useful in receiving live news, helps in getting charts and previous data of the currency dating back to over 100 years and hence is an extremely important research tool. Library of research reports: As mentioned before, research forms the backbone of this organization and hence it is crucial that from the first day, all the reports released by the firm are accumulated together as they will be a major resource of the firm. Data team: Data team will fetch data about exporters and importers around the country and their details. This data can also be a very useful resource for the firm in the years to come. Key partners Head of sales who will have a sales team reporting to him and will take complete responsibility in ensuring revenue generation for the company. Head of consulting will lead the research and analytics team and will take complete responsibility for appropriate view of the market and correct forecast of the currency market. Revenue Structure The firm offers niche services and therefore the customers targeted would comprise of export or import businesses earning a turnover greater than AUD 20 million. Many firms make immense mistakes in pricing their products because they fail to consider that a similar pricing strategy cannot work well for every client (Forbes, 2015). Hence the firm is equipped to offer two separate business models to clients and they can select the one they prefer. Fixed Fee: As the name suggests, services offered will be charged as a fixed consultation fee per annum. This will be varied for every client and will be decided based on their annual trade turnover. Payment structure will include two parts. One part of the remuneration will be paid in advance whereas the second part will be paid after 6 months of regular service. The advance fee model will help the firm cover costs for client acquisitions. One advantage of this model is that it establishes an element of trust in the clients specifically when they are provided with an option to make half the payment later. Profit Sharing: Just as the name suggests, this model provides clients with an option to share the profits earned six monthly, monthly or quarterly. The payment cycle will depend on the business cycles of the client. This facility is provided to the clients because the time duration between receiving an order by the client and actual delivery of the goods can vary between one to six months (Inc., 2010). Appropriate systems would be in place to track when and exactly how much have clients earned from the expert advices offered by the firm. In addition, an updated portfolio management sheet shall be provided to all the clients. Cost structure There are four kinds of costs involved with the formulation of this firm as given below. They are self-explanatory. Employee salaries Land and building expense Bloomberg Reuters terminal Marketing and PR costs Minimum Viable product Minimum viable product is the most basic product or service offered by any organization. It is a no frills product and defines the least that organization can offer (Blank, 2013). Research reports and daily advisory to all clients is the minimum viable product offered by the firm. Feasibility analysis Feasibility analysis is gaining an understanding of how successfully can any project be completed. This is predominantly determined by four important factors (The Balance, 2017). Market Feasibility Upon analysis of market feasibility of a currency consulting firm, it has been noted that the market offers a brilliant opportunity for the formulation of this firm. The major competition include brokers who are not solely focused on providing consultancy to clients. Also the high density of exporters and importers in the Australian subcontinent provides us with a large market to sell our services. Technical Feasibility Technically, the service is simple to understand and does not require a lot of resources. Clients will be communicated over the phone. Bloomberg and Reuter terminals will require experts who can perform technical and fundamental analysis using them. These experts will be hired from best universities and firms and will be given due training. Human Feasibility Human resource will be hired from tier 1 universities across the country with exceptional relevant experience. There are various universities which are now offering courses on capital markets and hence this feasibility aspect can also be achieved. Financial Feasibility Like every other business, initial capital will be raised with the help of families and friends of the key partners. Bank loans can be applied for and angel investors will be approached for funding purposes. References: ABC News, 2015, Falling dollar, rising fortune https://www.abc.net.au/news/2015-08-05/jericho-a-falling-dollar,-a-rising-fortune/6673074, viewed on 3 October, 2017. Agnihotri, R., Trainor, K. J., Itani, O. S., Rodriguez, M. 2017. Examining the role of sales-based CRM technology and social media use on post-sale service behaviors in India.Journal of Business Research,81, 144-154. Berman, B. 2016. Referral marketing: Harnessing the power of your customers.Business Horizons,59(1), 19-28. Blank, S. 2013. Why the lean start-up changes everything.Harvard business review,91(5), 63-72. Business News Daily, 2017, What is entrepreneurship, https://www.businessnewsdaily.com/2642-entrepreneurship.html, viewed on 3 October, 2017. Financial Times, 2017, Bloomberg suffers rare drop, https://www.ft.com/content/6b547cb8-1396-11e7-80f4-13e067d5072c, viewed on 3 October, 2017. Forbes, 2012, Business model canvas, https://www.forbes.com/sites/tedgreenwald/2012/01/31/business-model-canvas-a-simple-tool-for-designing-innovative-business-models/#5f0a29bf16a7, viewed on 3 October, 2017. Forbes, 2015, The biggest mistake you can make while pricing services, https://www.forbes.com/sites/ianaltman/2015/12/22/the-biggest-mistake-you-can-make-pricing-services/#d5ca15da38a8, viewed on 3 October, 2017. Forex Factory, 2017, Economic calendar, https://www.forexfactory.com/calendar.php, viewed on viewed on 3 October, 2017. Inc., 2010, How to build a profit sharing model, https://www.inc.com/guides/2010/04/profit-sharing-plan.html, viewed on 3 October, 2017. Kotler, P, 2011, https://people.creighton.edu/~shu02225/nps_c_04.html, viewed on 3 October, 2017. Kramar, R. 2014. Beyond strategic human resource management: is sustainable human resource management the next approach?.The International Journal of Human Resource Management,25(8), 1069-1089. Mithas, S., Krishnan, M. S., Fornell, C. 2013, May. Why do customer relationship management applications affect customer satisfaction? American Marketing Association. Nath, P., Bell, M. 2016. A study of the structural integration of the marketing and PR functions in the C-suite.Journal of Marketing Communications,22(6), 626-652. Reuters, 2017, Australias central bank holds fire as economy on the rebound, https://www.reuters.com/article/us-australia-economy-currentaccount/australias-central-bank-holds-fire-as-economy-on-the-rebound-idUSKCN1BG07D?il=0, viewed on 3 October, 2017. The Balance, 2017, Feasibility study, https://www.thebalance.com/what-is-a-feasibility-study-3514853, viewed on 3 October, 2017. Trading Economics, 2017, Australian Exports, https://tradingeconomics.com/australia/exports, viewed on 20 September, 2017. Trading Economics, 2017, Australian Imports, https://tradingeconomics.com/australia/imports, viewed on 20 September, 2017. Varela, P., Ares, G. (Eds.). 2014.Novel techniques in sensory characterization and consumer profiling. CRC Press. XE, 2017, AUD to USD Chart, https://www.xe.com/currencycharts/?from=AUDto=USDview=5Y, viewed on 3 October, 2017.

Environmental Issue in China

Executive Summary Rapid growth in China is negatively affecting the environment. Air pollution in Beijing is now a major source of concern, while the Chinese government seems to be doing little to protect the environment. Thus, this paper presents an in-depth public diplomacy strategy based on building a network of influence to advocate for policy change in environmental laws and protection.Advertising We will write a custom proposal sample on Environmental Issue in China specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More A network of influence will draw members from diverse sources and, therefore, present issues and solutions to influence change in policies from diverse perspectives. As such, it will perhaps make the government to take action and reform its inadequate measures to protect the public. Introduction China’s ranking on environmental degradation by global bodies such as the UNEP has placed it among the top ten countries with incr easing negative impacts on the environment. This could be linked to its vastness in the industrial sector and the lack of proper policies on environment degradation. Historically, especially during The Mao Regime, the willingness of China to take caution on environmental degradation had been questionable. However, due to mounting pressure from environmentalists and even Chinese themselves, the government is trying to salvage the seemingly out of hand situation. Nearly all types of pollution experienced in China are relatively higher than thresholds set for normal human environment. For instance, in air pollution, Beijing has surpassed the Environmental Protective Agency’s air quality scale of 300 to register above 500 scales. In January 12 2015, the reading reached 886. This is to say, air in Beijing, in some instances, has become unsafe for breathing. Deforestation is on high rates. The UNEP has listed Chinese forest cover as threatened and needing protection. Deforestation has gradually led to desertification, with alarming desertification annual rates of 950 square miles. These high rates of pollution have led to â€Å"cancer villages†, places with extremely high cancer risks to the dwellers. Specifically, people living near industrial complexes have reported extremely high numbers of nearly all types of cancer such as stomach, liver, and kidney and colon cancer, among others.Advertising Looking for proposal on diplomacy? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Biodiversity drop resulting from deforestation, killing of wild animal in search of their products like ivory, horns, bones and skins is also major environmental issues witnessed in China. China also has an indirect connection with killing of wild animals in other parts of the world, especially Africa, since China provides market for wild animal products. Given these environmental issues in China, specifically the current level of air pol lution, this proposal presents a design of an in-depth public diplomacy strategy to deal with the issue. Major causes of air pollution in China The smog descending upon China in the recent past has a great link to industrial productions, gases emitted by vehicles, coal power plants, and construction activities. These statistics were given by China’s Ministry of Environment Protection citing contributions of 80%-90% of air pollution. The negative impact has been immense in Beijing and majority of Chinese cities. The release of sulfur dioxide and other harmful gases and the consequent acid rain in China has been reported as the highest in the world since the 1990s (Gao et al. 447). Pollution mitigation policies failure China has made some policies to conserve the environment. Nevertheless, the implementation process has been facing insurmountable challenges. First, the drastic economic growth and rural-urban migration witnessed in China over the past two decades alongside huge population have made it hard for the process of pollution mitigating. Second, most of the environmental policy institutions get less funding and attention relative to economic policy institutions. Therefore, the lack of effectiveness of environmental policy institution has made it difficult for implementation of environmental policies. Finally, the existence of many autonomous local networks and governments is another big obstacle in environmental policies implementation processes. Though the central government may be spearheading proper implementation of the set policies, the many autonomous local governments do not do the same (He et al. 34-35). China’s opportunities in pollution mitigation Political will and the government structures Pollution can easily be fought if the mitigation process gets proper political will from the government. The current Chinese government has expressed its intentions of fighting the menace. This is a good sign and can be a milestone in war agai nst pollution as opposed to government inaction. Furthermore, Chinese central government can make use of many autonomous local governments to reach all parts of the vast country. The already existing environmental policies and institutions can be of great use, especially if given enough funds.Advertising We will write a custom proposal sample on Environmental Issue in China specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More People’s will Public outcry on the adverse effects of high pollution level has been reported all over China, especially North China and in major cities. The government can tap this and make it a useful tool for curbing the vices by mobilizing its citizenries in the war against pollution. Since the Chinese have experienced the severe effects of pollution first hand, they collaborate with the government to fight it, given proper sensitization and tools. International support The Chinese pollution issues could be in the end , global problem. Therefore, most of the countries and global bodies could give a lot of support in the process of pollution reduction. China should make use global assistances be it financial or technical support. For instance, China can make use of international bodies such as the UNEP in coming up with sustainable development policies. Funding The Chinese GDP has been on steady increase over the past two decades. Additionally, China has many trading partners who together with international financiers, would give loans and grants for environmental protection. Possible challenges faced in pollution mitigation The huge population and its consequent demands China’s huge population poses a major challenge for curbing and controlling pollution. For instance, the high demand for vehicles and other products has led increased industrial activities, which emit increased volume of harmful gases. The magnitude of the problem The magnitude of pollution may make the steps taken in curbi ng the menace to appear futile. The problem itself could also be facilitating the rate at which it is accelerating. For example, winters are made colder by pollution and as a result, people use more coal to warm their homes, further increasing the problem. Ambiguous policies and laws, development verses environment The Chinese government is not clear on policies on consumption of products that are hazardous to the environment. Confusion comes in especially when it comes to balancing economic growth and conserving the environment. It has advocated for policies in support of development without paying attention on the impact on the environment, and policies in support of sustainable development. In cases where people and firms contravene environmental policies, the laid down deterrents are not properly used. The challenge of source of energy To support big industries and the huge number of vehicles, China depends majorly on coal, which is a major source of pollution. The government of China has the will to reduce consumption levels of coal, but it is faced with the challenge of giving an alternative. The possible route out of this problem, which is converting coal to gas, needs a lot of fresh water. That is, by creating a solution to coal usage, more problems that pertain to water consumption will be created.Advertising Looking for proposal on diplomacy? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Use of economic resources and finances The process of cleaning up the environment is capital and labor-intensive. Therefore, adequate funds and time are needed to carry out cleaning activities. This may even include regulating the amount of coal consumption, further hurting the economy. Unreliable data There have been claims that the Chinese do manipulate the pollution statistics probably with the aim of reducing the shocking details on the ground. This can arguably be true since statistics released by the government have discrepancies with those given by the U.S. Embassy in Beijing. With unreliable data, it is even more difficult to come up with comprehensive strategic plans to mitigate pollution. The proposed in-depth public diplomacy strategy Advocacy and the network of influence Public policies reflect the ultimate outcomes of a government system to transform the public positively. Currently, it can be difficult to demonstrate the influence of Chinese government on environmental issues, specifically the quality of air in Beijing. Thus, interest groups should take initiatives to change the current situations because they too can hardly demonstrate their roles in air quality protection in China. As such, the environment and the public face critical technical issues that require advocacy intervention. Public diplomacy must always strive to influence policy change through more reliable tactics. For this proposal, the term public diplomacy strives to show how interest groups can apply advocacy as a public diplomacy strategy to shape and change thoughts and opinions while encouraging the formation of strong alliances with other like-minded groups in society irrespective of culture and geographical location. The influence of advocacy should have some effects on the government, at least in a manner that results in concrete initiatives to save the environment. Given the influence of the Chinese government on the public, it is proposed that a network of influence sh ould be created as a public diplomacy strategy to influence the government to take action on air pollution. It is believed that networks of influence would lead to more meaningful views and positions on how the government can tackle air pollution in China. The exact events The public diplomacy strategy, advocacy would involve the use of informational and educational materials to seek for the preferred outcomes by engaging a network of influence that can influence Chinese government to adopt new environmental policies. Advocacy would involve specific positions that support the needs of environmental activists. Hence, the network of influence will use specific tools or activities such as written opinions, editors’ point of view, political leaders’ support, and think tank analysts’ recommendations. In addition, other members of the network would take part in educational and professional exchange programs to learn more about China and its cultural practices, particu larly on environmental conservation. How a network of influence would work By developing and sustaining a network of influence and revamping the relations, the level of engagement at home and abroad with stakeholders, an interest group is most likely to achieve positive outcomes. A network of influence targets various stakeholders from diverse fields and regions. Literature has shown that collaboration between local individuals and other higher-level bodies is vital for environmental conservation. Further, the role of local stakeholders is viewed in terms of knowledge generation to enhance learning of the local context. In addition, several studies focusing on environmental management have often stressed the relevance of working together with various stakeholders and the relevance of networks that cut across several levels of social bodies. This approach ensures that an interest group can gain access to a diverse set of information, sustained learning and enhanced relationship with the external bodies. While building a network of influence is vital for public advocacy to protect the quality of air in China, academics point out that it is not clear whether knowledge obtained by external relations is internally relevant, distributed, accepted and adopted by interest groups. Further, it is also not self-evident whether relations between local stakeholders and higher-level actors lead to enhanced social learning and pro-environmental support. Notwithstanding these issues, both external and internal groups can create a strong network of influence with specific roles to protect the environment. It has been shown that in the past decades of the 20th century, several major regional environmental developments took place specifically in Africa and Latin America. These developments were inspired by critical issues and questions brought forward by experts from other regions (Lahsen et al. 14). However, contributions from within the regions were also noted as important thr oughout the stages. Funds and global cooperation reduced cases of isolated, few experts working alone on major environmental issues with global impacts. While China is not considered small or less wealthy, its investment in environmental research may not sufficiently meet the current levels of environmental threats and pollution witnessed. Nevertheless, a network of influence would ensure that the interest group could learn from others while positively contributing to determine the best solutions. In addition, the interest group is most likely to attain greater national and global recognition while pressing for changes at the local levels. A network of influence would allow the interest group in China to assess their air pollution levels and propose solutions that can be adopted to formulate national policies on air pollution. It is believed that when an interest group forms a strong network of influence, it is most likely to succeed. Through consolidating the comprehension of envir onmental pollution in China and focusing on support from various actors, it can achieve positive outcomes in influencing policies to support pro-environmental behaviors. Applicability and feasibility: how it fits and departs from normal practices A network of influence can be built and used for public advocacy effectively because it is shown that networks often go beyond the normal boundaries on influencing power and its distribution. Consequently, an influential interest group on air pollution can rapidly attain its goals. The built network of influence display elements of flexibility and agility to allow its reviews constituents and reconfigure for emerging issues. Ideas about air pollution and control would freely compete while actors who have robust ideas will receive support for policy change. A network of influence would reduce risks of isolated collective action and develop a big better group that can influence policies sufficiently well in China. The Chinese government has n ot yet come to acknowledge and appreciate the relevance of redistribution of power. Thus, it may oppose the rise of an influential network. An interest group must recognize this limitation and realize that the government is far much behind in addressing environmental issues relative to its global counterparts. It rarely accepts that curbing air pollution would ultimately improve the quality of life among Chinese. In addition, the government has also failed to recognize that state power of today should concentrate on effective policy formulation through sharing and promoting ideas and practices that work rather than projecting military might to neighboring states. Therefore, a network of influence consists of experts should aim to project positive environmental values, interests and then set clear goals for the government and the public to meet for environmental protection. It is imperative to recognize that public agencies, private actors and other global actors consisting of some c ivil society groups all require some levels of representation and influence in critical issues. Failure of representation of any organization can limit the possible contribution to policy formulation. If, for instance, the Chinese government, its environmental protection agencies and local civil society groups cannot argue for the best case to protect the environment and public health, then a strong network of influence is necessary to work together with Chinese institutions to address these issues. A network of influence will bring together a wider community of environmental experts to address the air pollution issue in China in a flexible manner that the government cannot. In this regard, the network of influence would show the inefficiency, ineffectiveness and irrelevancy of the government in addressing environment concerns. Meanwhile, the Chinese government should not abandon its role because of poor policies. Instead, the government must be accountable and should seize this opp ortunity to evaluate its performance, functions and reform areas with flaws in environmental protection. If the government wants to join the network of influence but cannot sufficiently take part in it across all levels, then it must identify specific aspects of environmental policies that require transform and present to the network of influence. Social media have been adopted in China in the recent past to push for changes in environmental policies based on how the state machinery has handled the issue of air pollution. The government and a section of the business communities, however, used the online media to advance their own narratives. For instance, corporations have seized business opportunities associated with the widespread air pollution to sell mask and filters specifically for PM2.5. For several decades, the government dismissed air pollution as a non-issue caused by dust and fog while failing to account for the presence of PM2.5 particles in its reports. However, the U.S . Embassy located in Beijing started to provide data on the quality of air through social media in the year 2008, Chinese began to realize how compound the issue was. Consequently, they also started to contribute on issue affecting the air quality, questioned the inadequacy of the government reports on PM 2.5, and a lack of intervention from the government. This section shows how social media can create a network of influence to promote public diplomacy on critical issues that affect the public. Social media were responsible for raising public awareness and led to some action from the Chinese government to improve the quality of air. Otherwise, without the network of influence, the Chinese government was going to do nothing. The infiltration of the network of influence by government officials and some members of the corporate world to shape discussions by advancing narrow views and profit-oriented agendas shows that not all members in a network of influence have the same interest. A ssets required Financial resources are required to facilitate advocacy while human capital, knowledge, and expertise on environmental advocacy issues would be critical success factors. Further, technological expertise to reach a global audience through the Internet will also be necessary. Possible approaches using a network of influence to impact air pollution policies A network of influence should strengthen the relations with major institutions and individuals to promote public diplomacy discourse with the aim of influencing the government and rogue business leaders. The network should strengthen the relationship with other supporting organizations such as civil society groups, environmental conservation bodies, and NGOs for a larger audience base and support. A global image, perhaps advanced by social media, would give the network of influence opportunities to share best practices in public diplomacy through idea sharing and policy formulation. It must also create strong links wi th the locals, young leaders, and emerging leaders through various communication channels. Evaluation of efforts The interest group will observe changes in policies, Chinese government participation in processes, provision of current data on environmental issues, engaging all stakeholders, adoption and implementation of new policies. The actual impact would be demonstrated when the air quality in Beijing improves after implementation of new policies. Feedback will be used to advance future advocacy programs. Conclusion The current state of air pollution and other environmental pollution issues in China has reached an alarming level. Thus, a public diplomacy strategy involving the use of a network of influence consisting of a broad membership drawn from various professions, regions and sectors is most likely to influence air pollution policy in China and bring about change to protect the environment and public health. Works Cited Gao, Cailing, Huagiang Yin, Nanshan Ai and Zhengwen Hu ang. â€Å"Historical Analysis of SO2 Pollution Control Policies in China.† Environmental Management 43 (2009): 447–457. Print. Grabmeier, Jeff. Fighting Air Pollution in China with Social Media. 2014. Web.. Grossmann, Matt. â€Å"Interest group influence on U.S. policy change: An assessment based on policy history.† Interest Groups Advocacy 1 (2012): 171–192. Print. Hays, Jeffrey. Facts and Details: Air Pollution in China. 2014. Web.. He, Guizhen, Yonglong Lu, Arthur P.J. Mol and Theo Beckers. â€Å"Changes andchallenges:China’senvironmentalmanagement in transition.† Environmental Development 3 (2012): 25–38. Print. Henrikson, Alan K. What Can Public Diplomacy Achieve? 2006. Web.. Lahsen, Myanna, Mercedes M.C. Bustamante, Robert Swap, Elizabeth McNie, Jean P.H.B. Ometto, Tatiana Schor, Holm Tiessen, Sandy Andelman and Harold Annegarn. â€Å"The contributions of regional knowledge networks researching environmental changes in Latin America and Africa: a synthesis of what they can do and why they can be policy relevant.† Ecology and Society 18.3 (2013): 14. Print. Matous, Petr. â€Å"Social networks and environmental management at multiple levels: soil conservation in Sumatra.† Ecology and Society 20.3 (2015): 37. Print. McClellan, Michael. Public Diplomacy in the Context of Traditional Diplomacy. 2004. Web.. Metzl, Jamie F. Network Diplomacy. Georgetown Journal of International Affairs. 1 Apr. 2001. Web. This proposal on Environmental Issue in China was written and submitted by user Travis Golden to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Battle of the Somme essays

Battle of the Somme essays The aim of this report is to give an overview of the battle of the Somme, and judge the extent to which it can be seen as a success or failure for the allies. The main part will describe the aims and the hidden intensions of the allies. It will also evaluate how far their plans were realized and where they failed. The victories and the defeats of both antagonists will be extensively discussed. Figures and objective circumstances will be analyzed to prove to what extent the battle was decisive for the final outcome of the First World War. Most sources were taken from texts, history books and internet sites which were used as a main source. The battle of the Somme was a joint offensive planned and executed by both the French and British. The idea came from Joseph Joffre, the French Commander and was accepted by Sir Douglas Haig who later took over the operation. It was an attack with the hope to make some kind of territorial gain, and took place in hope to destroy German lines. The French army had been forced to ask help from the British because of their losses in Verdun. This almost lost battle in Verdun caused the French to lose many of their resources. The main aim of the Germans in Verdun was To Bleed France Dry. They chose Verdun because of its symbolic value. A symbol of being a strategic area, which has been fought on for many years between France and Prussia, later to become Germany. The battle of the Somme started on Saturday July the 1st 1916. Haigs strategy was to do eight days of bombing in order to destroy the German front line. He used twenty-seven divisions against the Germans but there were many losses because the bombardment had failed to penetrate the German underground bunkers. Since the Germans were underground, not much had happened to them, while the Allies thought they were going to be able to just Cross the trench area. Haig did not realize that the Germans had spent two years ...

Glam Metal Scene Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Glam Metal Scene - Essay Example As MTV appeared, a new instrument became available for music bands seeking popularity and recognition. Sunset Strip in Los Angeles was the place of birth for this music and visual genre, for early 1980s’ populated local clubs and concert halls with a great number of heavy metal bands that desperately sought ways to stand out among others (Batchelor 165). Due to availability of video clips’ rotation, the bands put their stakes on extravagant visual image as a means of being distinguished among others: MTV made glam metal â€Å"very much a whole visual and stylistic thing† (Popoff 217). While many heavy metal bands were using rather extravagant elements of visual image like leather, spandex and teased hair, these elements were exaggerated and extreme in glam metal bands, for their members were typically dressed in bright and even womanly clothes, created big teased hairstyles, wore tons of makeup and jewelry. However, their generally androgynous look ran contrary t o their image of outstanding males with enormous sexual appetites and their lifestyle involving heavy drinking, multiple sexual contacts and even drug abuse, whereby Nikki Sixx can be mentioned as a heavy heroin addict at the time of hair metal’s extreme popularity. However, androgyny of hair metal bands of eighties was different from that cultivated by the glam rock bands that influenced the discussed genre: glam metal scene used androgyny as the instrument of entertainment rather than irony, being more explicitly heterosexual (Moore 105).

Research Paper (Based on Literature Reviews) Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

(Based on Literature Reviews) - Research Paper Example Currently in legislation is the Fairness in Cocaine Sentencing Act of 2009, which would equalize penalties for crack and powder cocaine, thus correcting the injustice. The previous seven bills similar to the Fairness in Cocaine Sentencing Act of 2009 have not been approved. Congress and the President need to review and pass this bill and make it a reality. The main objective of this paper is to examine the facts or statements of truth that can be examined in the context of racial discrimination in the sentencing of drug offenders and to arrive at conclusions accordingly. It is known that disparities in sentencing are arbitrary for a number of reasons. Before the introduction of the federal compulsory minimum sentencing in 1986 for drugs related violations, the federal drug sentencing in the case of African Americans was higher by 11 percent as compared to whites. After four years this average was higher by 49 percent. In 2000 the proportion of African American people lodged in jails was much more than those in higher education. On the basis of such facts, leading analysts concluded that the country’s crime policy was a significant contributing factor in disrupting African American families. The impact of the compulsory minimum imprisonment for drug offenses contributed in leading to unreasonably high rate of incarceration and a lso separated family members from each other on account of minor crimes amongst their children. Such practices not only created large scale disfranchisement amongst those that were convicted of felony but also prohibited people that were incarcerated earlier, from getting appropriate social services in improving their families (Russel, 2005). These statements will be examined in the light of available sources and efforts will be made to determine the strength in such assertions. As reported recently by the Sentencing Commission, there is a strong need to revise the

Major Trends Which Affect Microprocessor Information Technology Essay

Major Trends Which Affect Microprocessor Information Technology Essay In the first section I selected the question about Memory Management Unit of Linux operation system. In this section I described the strategies and mechanism used by Memory Management, problems faced by these techniques and solutions to overcome it. In the section number two I chose the question about microprocessor. This question discussed how microprocessors work, major trends affecting to their performance, differences between microprocessors design goals for laptops, servers, desktops and embedded systems. 2 Section1: Linux Operating System Introduction Linux, one of the free open source operating system does sufficient memory management activities to keep the system stable and users demand for errors free. As processes and threads executes, they read instructions from memory and decode it. In such act, instructions would be fetched or store contents of a location in a memory. Then, the processor would execute the instructions which in either way the memory would be accessed in fetching instructions or storing the data. Linux uses a copy-on-write scheme. If two or more programs are using the same block of memory, only one copy is actually in RAM, and all the programs read the same block. If one program writes to that block, then a copy is made for just that program. All other programs still share the same memory. Linux handles memory in such a way that when RAM is not in use, the operating system uses it as disk cache. Below diagram illustrate a brief overview of Linux operating system. C:UsersuserDesktopimages.jpg 3 Memory Management The term memory management refers to the one of the most important parts of the operating system. It consider in provision of memory-related services to applications. These services include virtual memory (use of a hard disk or other non-RAM storage media to provide additional program memory), protected memory (exclusive access to a region of memory by a process), and shared memory (cooperative access to a region of memory by multiple processes). Linux memory management does use the platform of Memory Management Unit which translate physical memory addresses to liner ones used by the system and page fault interrupt are requested when the processor tries to access to memory that is not entitled to. Virtual Memory Virtual memory of Linux is using a disk as an extension of RAM therefore that the effective size of convenient memory grows respectively. The kernel will write the substance of a currently dormant block of memory to the hard disk so that the memory can be used for another function. When the original contents are necessary again, they are read back into memory. This is all made completely transparent to the user; programs running under Linux only see the larger amount of memory available and dont notice that parts of them reside on the disk from time to time. Obviously, reading and writing the hard disk is slower (on the order of a thousand times slower) than using real memory, so the programs dont run as fast. The part of the hard disk that is used as virtual memory is called the  swap space. Virtual memory system consist of all virtual addresses not physical addresses. These virtual addresses are transformed into physical addresses by the processor based on information held in a set of tables maintained by the operating system. To make this conversion easier, virtual and physical memory are shared into handy sized pieces called pages. These pages are all the same size, if they were different size, the system would be very hard to administer 4 The schemes for Memory Management The simplicity of Linux memory model facilitates program implementation and portability in different systems. There exist two schemes for implementation of memory management in Linux; 1.Paging 2.Swapping Paging Demand Paging Currently, saving is done using physical memory by virtual pages when compiling a program. In latter case when a program runs to query a database, not all database will respond, but only those with data records to be checked. For instance a database request for search query will only be loaded and not database with programs that works to add new records. This is also referred to as demand paging. The purpose of using demand paging is to load performing images into a process of virtual memory. Every time when a command is accomplished, the file containing it is opened and its contents are displayed into the processs virtual memory. Memory mapping is executed by modifying the data structure which is describing this process. Even so the rest of the image is left on disk ,only the first part of the image is actually sent into physical memory. Linux uses memory map to identify parts of image to load into memory by generating page faults as the image executes. 5 C:UsersfoxDesktopmmu-vs-iommu-memory.png Page Faults Page fault exception are generated when a process tries to access an unknown page to memory management unit. The handler goes further in examining the currently running process`s memory information and MMU state, then determines whether the fault is good or bad. As good page faults cause the handler to give more memory to the process, the bad faults invoke the handler to terminate the process. From good page faults are expected behaviour to whenever a program allocates a dynamic memory to run a section of code, write a for the first time a section of data or increases its stack size. In such a case when a process tries to access this newly memory, page fault is declared by MMU and the system adds a fresh page of memory to the process`s table. The interrupted process is the resumed. In cases where a process attempt to access a memory that its doesnt own or follows a NULL pointer then bad faults occur. Additionally, it could also be due to bugs in the kernel in which case the handler w ill print an oops information before terminates/killing the process. 6 Swapping Linux separates its physical RAM (random access memory) into pieces of memory called pages. The process of Swapping is accomplished by copying a page of memory to the preconfigured space on the hard disk, known as a swap space, to exempt that page of memory. The combined sizes of the physical memory and the swap space is the amount of virtual memory available. Swapping is done mainly for two reasons; One is insufficient memory required by the system when physical memory is not available. The kernel does swaps out the less used pages and supply the resources to currently running processes. Second, a significant number of the pages used by an application during its start-up phase may only be used for initialization and then never used again. The system can swap out those pages and free the memory for other applications or even for the disk cache. Nevertheless, swapping does have a disadvantage. If Compare with memory, disks are very slow. For example, memory speeds are measured in nanoseconds, but disks are measured in milliseconds, so admittance to the physical memory can be significantly faster than accessing disk. It depends how often swapping occurs, if it happens frequently your system will be slower. Sometimes excessive swapping or thrashing occurs where a page is swapped out and then very soon swapped in and then swapped out again and so on. In such situations the system is struggling to find free memory and keep applications running at the same time. In this case only adding more RAM will help. There are two forms of swap space: the swap partition and the swap file. The swap partition is a substantive section of the hard disk which is used only for swapping; other files cannot locate there. A special file in the file system which stands amongst your system and data files called a swap file. 7 Problems of virtual memory management in Linux There are several possible problems with the page replacement algorithm in Linux , which can be listed as follows: à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ The system may react badly to variable VM load or to load spikes after a period of no VM activity. Since the Kswapd, the page out daemon, only scans when the system is low on memory, the system can end up in a state where some pages have reference bits from the last 5 seconds, while other pages have reference bits from 20 minutes ago. This means that on a load spike the system have no clue which are the right pages to evict from memory, this can lead to a swapping storm, where the wrong pages are evicted and almost immediately after towards faulted back in, leading to the page out of another random page, etc. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ There is no method to prevent the possible memory deadlock. With the arrival of journaling and delay allocation file systems it is possible that the systems will need to allocate memory in order to free memory, that is, to write out data so memory can become free. It may be useful to introduce some algorithm to prevent the possible deadlock under extremely low memory situation. Conclusion All in all, Linux memory management seems to be effective than before and this is based on the assumption that Linux has less applications that it runs as to compared to windows machines which has more users and more applications. Beside, the system may react badly to variable VM load However, regular updates from Linux has managed to lessen the bugs. Swapping does require more disk memory in case the physical memory is insufficient to serve more demanding applications and if the disk space is too low the user runs the risk of waiting or kill other process for other programs to work. Additionally, resuming the swapped pages may result into corrupted data, but Linux has been in upper hand to solve such bugs. 8 Frequently Ask Questions What is the main goal of the Memory Management? The Memory Management Unit should be able to decide which process should locate in the main memory; should control the parts of the virtual space of a process which is non-core resident; responsible for monitoring the available main memory and for the writing processes into the swap device in order to provide more processor fit in the main memory at the same time. What is called a page fault? Page fault appear when the process addresses a page in the working set of the process but the process is not able to locate the page in the working set. To overcome this problem kernel should updates the working set by reading the page from the secondary device. What is the Minimum Memory Requirement? Linux needs at least 4MB, and then you will need to use special installation procedures until the disk swap space is installed. Linux will run comfortably in 4MB of RAM, although running GUI apps is impractically slow because they need to swap out to disk. 9 Section 2: Microprocessor Introduction Microprocessor incorporates all or most of the functions of Central Processor Unit (CPU) on a single integrated circuit, so in the world of personal computers, the terms microprocessor and CPU are used interchangeably. The microprocessor is the brain of any computer, whether it is a desktop machine, a server or a laptop. It processes instructions and communicates with outside devices, controlling most of the operation of the computer. How Microprocessors Work Microprocessor Logic A microprocessor performs a collection of machine instructions that tell the processor what to do. A microprocessor does 3 main things based on the instructions: Using its ALU (Arithmetic/Logic Unit), a microprocessor is able to perform mathematical operations like addition, subtraction, multiplication and division. A microprocessor is able to move data from one memory location to another. A microprocessor is able to make decisions and jump to a new set of instructions based on those decisions. 10 The following diagram shows how to extremely simple microprocessor capable of doing of 3 jobs. The microprocessor contains: An address bus that sends an address to memory A data bus that can sends data to memory or receive data from memory A RD (read) and WR (write) line to tell the memory whether to set or get the address A clock line lets a clock pulse sequence the processor A reset line that resets the program counter to zero and restarts execution 11 Here the explanation of components and how they perform: Registers A, B and C are kind of latches that made out of flip-flops The address latch is just like registers A, B and C. The program counter is a latch with the extra capacity to increment by 1 when or reset to zero it is needed. Major trends which affect microprocessor performance and design Increasing number of Cores: A dual-core processor is a  CPU  with two processors or execution cores in the same  integrated circuit. Each processor has its own  cache  and controller, which enables it to function as efficiently as a single processor. However, because the two processors are linked together, they can perform operations up to twice as fast as a single processor can. The Intel Core Duo, the AMD X2, and the dual-core PowerPC G5 are all examples of CPUs that use dual-core technologies. These CPUs each combine two processor cores on a single silicon chip. This is different than a dual processor configuration, in which two physically separate CPUs work together. However, some high-end machines, such as the PowerPC G5 Quad, use two separate dual-core processors together, providing up to four times the performance of a single processor. 12 Reducing size of processor Size of the processor the one of the major trend what is affecting to the processor in last years time. When the processor becoming small there will be many advantages like it can include many cores to a processor, it will protect energy, it will increase its speed also. 45nm Processor Technology Intel has introduced 45nm Technology in Intel Core 2 and Intel Core i7 Processor Family. Intel 45nm High-K Silicon Processors contain Larger L2 Cache than 65nm Processors. 32nm ProcessorTechnology At research level Intel have introduced 32nm processor (Code Name Nehalem- based Westmere) which will be released in 2nd quarter of 2009 Energy saving Energy is one of the most important resources in the world. Therefore we must save and protect it for future purpose. The power consumption in microprocessor would be one of the major trends. For instance, Intel Core 2 family of processors are very efficient processor, they have very intelligent power management features, such à Ã‚ °s, ability to deactivate unused cores; it still draws up to 24 watts in idle mode. 13 High speed cache and buses In Past year Microprocessor Manufactures like Intel has introduced new cache technologies to their processors which can gain more efficiency improvements and reduce latency. Intel Advanced Smart Cache technology is a multicore cache that reduce latency to frequency used data in modern processor the cache size is increased up to 12MB installing a heat sink and microprocessor 14 Differences between Microprocessors Servers Originally the microprocessor for server should give uninterrupted time and stability with low power consumption and less resources allocating processor for System Cache. Thats why most of the time they use Unix and Linux as the Server based operating systems, because they take less amount of hardware resources and use effectively so the heat which dispatches from the processor is less and the heating would be less. Desktop Processors The desktop microprocessors are a bit different from server microprocessors, because they are not very much concerned of power consumption or use less resources of Operation system. The goal of Desktop microprocessors is to deliver as much performance as possible while keeping the cost of the processor low and power consumption within reasonable limits. Another important fact is out there, it is most of the programs which are being used in desktop machines are designed to do long time processor scheduling jobs like rendering a high definition image, or compiling a source file. So the processors are also designed to adopt those kinds of processing. Laptop Processor The CPU produces a lot of heats, in the desktop computers there are a systems of fans, heat sinks, channels and radiators that are uses to cool off the computer. Since laptop has small size, and far less room for any cooling methods, the CPU usually: Runs at a lower voltage and clock speed (reduces heat output and power consumption but slows the processor down) Has a sleep or slow-down mode (when the computer is not in use or when the processor does not need to run as quickly the operation system reduces the CPU speed) 15 Embedded Microprocessors Most of the embedded devices using Microcontrollers instead of separate Microprocessors; they are an implementation of whole computer inside a small thumb size chip called Microcontroller. These microcontrollers are varying its performance due to battery consumption and Instruction length issues. Most of them are designed using RISC architecture to minimize the complexity and the number of instructions per processor. Embedded device processors have high speed potential but the problem they are having is high power consumption and heating. Conclusion Current technology allows for one processor socket to provide access to one logical core. But this approach is expected to change, enabling one processor socket to provide access to two, four, or more processor cores. Future processors will be designed to allow multiple processor cores to be contained inside a single processor module. 16 Frequently Ask Questions: 1. How does the operating system share the cpu in a multitasking system? There are two basic ways of establishing a multitasking environment; times lice and priority based. In a a times lice multitasking environment each application is given a set amount of time (250 milliseconds, 100 milliseconds, etc) to run then the scheduler turns over execution to some other process. In such an environment each READY application takes turns, allowing them to effectively share the CPU. In a priority based environment each application is assigned a priority and the process with the highest priority will be allowed to execute as long as it is ready, meaning that it will run until it needs to wait for some kind of resource such as operator input, disk access or communication. Once a higher priority process is no longer ready, the next higher process will begin execution until it is no longer ready or until the higher priority process takes the processor back. Most real-time operating systems in use today tend to be some kind of combination of the two. 2.What is a multi-core? Two or more independent core combined into a single package composed of a single integrated circuit is known as a multi-core processor. 3. What is the difference between a processor and a microprocessor? generally, processor would be the part of a computer that interprets (and executes) instructions A microprocessor, is a CPU that is in just one IC (chip). For example, the CPU in a PC is in a chip so it can also be referred to as microprocessor. It has come to be called a microprocessor, because in the older days processors would normally be implemented in many ICs, so it was considered quite a feat to include the whole CPU in one chip that they called it a Microprocessor 17

The Material Nature of Spirituality Essay examples -- Spirit Spiritual

The Material Nature of Spirituality It was observed from the 'time to think' experiments done in Biology 103 lab, that thinking is material. Thinking was associated with material changes and activities in the brain and the connected nervous system. This promulgates the brain=behavior notion. According to this notion, all aspects of human behavior and experiences are functions of a material structure, the brain. Who one is, is determined by his or her brain. Nevertheless, many people continue to believe in a 'higher power' that guides and controls human action and behavior. In a sense, religion and spirituality was developed to understand and explore questions about 'who we are' and 'what is the purpose of life'. Whether one is Christian, Jewish, Muslim, Buddhist or Hindu, religious thinking and belief attempt to ground human experiences and thoughts in the spiritual and ethereal. Religious experiences are considered 'otherworldly' and not material. Heightened spiritual behavior through prayer, meditation or yoga is considered to lead to a state of 'transcendence', 'inner peace' or a 'nearness to God' depending on which faith you follow. Hence, the notion of spirituality and religion is based on an ethereal component. However could the ethereal and spiritual be embodied by a material structure, the brain? Recent scientific research has provided observations, which suggest spirituality, and religious experience has a biological basis. Scientific observations suggest there are specific physiological aspects to spiritual behavior like meditation, prayer, and yoga. Many people nowadays follow transcendental meditation, prayer, and yoga to enhance their spiritual and physical well being. These spiritual pra... ...rch/tm_charts/1Phys.html 3) The Effects of Meditation on the Brain Activity , http://members.aol.com/InstSSM/parietal.HTML 4) Searching for the God within,, a past Newsweek article. http://infotrac.galegroup.com/itweb/brynmawr_main?http_rc=400&class=session&sev=temp&type=session&cause=http%3A%2F%2Fweb4.infotrac.galegroup.com%2Fitw%2Finfomark%2F678%2F198%2F19025812w4%2Fpurl%3Drc1_EAIM_0_A69411041%26dyn%3D12!xrn_10_0_A69411041%3Fsw_aep%3Dbrynmawr_main&cont=&msg=No+Session+cookies&sserv=no 5) The Humanizing Brain: Where Religion and Neuroscience Meet, http://infotrac.galegroup.com/itweb/brynmawr_main?http_rc=400&class=session&sev=temp&type=session&cause=http%3A%2F%2Fweb4.infotrac.galegroup.com%2Fitw%2Finfomark%2F678%2F198%2F19025812w4%2Fpurl%3Drc1_EAIM_0_A53739125%26dyn%3D19!xrn_5_0_A53739125%3Fsw_aep%3Dbrynmawr_main&cont=&msg=No+Session+cookies&sserv=no